Woolard

235
"Alan Rumsey's definition, based
on Silverstein (1979), is a useful starting point: linguistic ideologies are "shared bodies
of commonsense notions about the nature of language in the world "(1990: 346). We
mean to include cultural conceptions not only of language and language variation, but
of the nature and purpose of communication, and of communicative behavior as an
enactment of a collective order (Silverstein 1987: 1-2)."
236
"The topic of language ideology may be one muchneeded
bridge between work on language structure and language politics, as well as
between linguistic and social theory. But more than just a unifying force, we hope that
attention to language ideology can be a key to a fresh and productive reformulation of
analytic problems."

subfeilds:
- grammatical ideaology
-purist ideaology
-language ideaolgy
-ideologies of standardizatin
-ideology/ies of language

"Ideology needs to be analyzed systematically in the study of
language,"

237
 "The label
ideology calls attention to the socially-situated and/or experientially-derived dimension
of cognition or consciousness, simultaneously positioning our research within
traditionally cultural and social theoretical realms."
prototypes
 1. Ideology - conceptual/ ideational - consciousness, beliefs, notions or ideas
"the basic notions that the
members of a society hold about a fairly definite area such as honor, the division of
laborr (or we could propose, language), and the interrelations and implications of such
sets of notions"



2. social position presented as universally true
" A second recurring point is that these ideological concepts or notions are viewed
as derived from, rooted in , reflective of, or responsive to the experience or interests
of a particular social position, although they may be presented as universally true."
238
3. "In a third perspective on ideology, the most central notion is that of distortion,
falsity, mystification, or rationalization."

4. legitimation "The fourth feature often attributed to ideology is an intimate connection to
social power and its legitimation. For J.B. Thompson, for example, ideology is
signification that is "essentially linked to the process of sustaining asymmetrical
relations of power - to maintaining domination.... by disguising, legitimating, or
distorting those relations" (1984: 4). In the strongest formulations of this principle,
ideology is always the tool or property of dominant social groups; cultural conceptions
belonging to oppositional or subordinate groups are by definition non-ideological."

"For Gouldner (1976: 23), ideology is a conscious public discourse, "that part of
consciousness which can be said" (Thompson 1984: 85). But in many other uses, the
claim is not necessarily one of conscious, deliberate, or systematically organized
thought. For example, we have seen above that Friedrich introduces the implications
of conceptual systems as also ideological. Friedrich characterizes his Whorfian notion
of "linguacultural ideology" (values implicit in a language and cultural system) as more
unconscious than other forms that have been called ideological, while nonetheless
conceptual (1989: 306-307)."